Abstract
Some typical types of biofuels widely known today include: bioethanol (bioetanol), biodiesel (biodiesel), green diesel (diesel), biological kerosene (biokerosen-or reactive fuel). biological forces), other biological alcohols (methanol, butanol), bio ether, biogas, synthetic gas, solid biomass fuel. In fact, the two most important biofuels are bioetanol and biodiesel, because of the many properties they have: use for the two most common types of vehicles (gasoline and motor vehicles). diesel engine); has many properties similar to fossil fuels, but cleaner and cleaner; produced from abundant and renewable materials such as sugar, starch and animal and vegetable fats and oils. The paper presents results obtained from a method applied for improving the properties of pure bio-oil aiming a direct use as a fuel in conventional diesel engines. Some typical properties such as high viscosity, high surface tension, high density and high cloud point are considered to be improved within this study. Characteristics of the viscosity, density and the surface tension versus fuel temperature are established. Findings of this study provide a basis for calculation and design a heating system of bio-oil fuel and for improving some typical properties of this fuel in order to use directly in diesel engines of small generator sets or diesel engines used in agriculture, forestry fields or in small boats.
Highlights
Biofuels can exist in all three solid, liquid, and gas states, and are divided into three generations
First-generation biofuels, known as traditional biofuels, are made from products used in food; Second-generation biofuels are produced from agricultural and forestry by-products; Third generation biofuels come from non-food sources
Heating method One common type of biofuel today is biodiesel, which is similar in quality to diesel fuel, made from vegetable oil or animal fat
Summary
Biofuels can exist in all three solid, liquid, and gas states, and are divided into three generations. Biofuels have many advantages compared to fossil fuels: They can be made from biomass; Sustainable development thanks to good regeneration and biodegradability; Do not increase CO2 emissions due to being in the CO2 balance process of the earth; Environmentally friendly: Clean fire, complete fire, does not contain toxic compounds, especially sulfur (S, when burning produces SOx causing acid rain, serious air pollution); Using biofuels will protect public health. The paper presents results obtained from a method applied for improving the properties of pure bio-oil aiming a direct use as a fuel in conventional diesel engines. Some typical properties such as viscosity, surface tension and density are considered to establish the relationship between them with temperature. This will be able to show the range of optimum temperature to heat pure bio-oil
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