Abstract
It is well known that the correlation of atmospheric neutrinos and muons are simply correlated in the energy region of 1–10 GeV, and used for the test bench of the hadronic interaction model used for the calculation of the atmospheric neutrino flux. However, the correlation becomes unclear for neutrinos in the energy range below 1 GeV, which is important for the study of mass ordering of neutrino and CP phase of the neutrino mass. We extend the study of the correlation to the lower neutrino energies and find that the atmospheric muon flux observed at high altitude shows a good correlation to the atmospheric neutrino flux, and could be used to calibrate the hadronic interaction model.
Highlights
Npro j Mborn× Hint(N pro j, pNpro j, xint, Mborn, pbMorn) × σprod(N pro j, E pro j) · ρair(xint)
Neutrino oscillation physics has entered into the precision era, after it has been well established that θ13 has a finite value and clear evidence for neutrino oscillations of one flavor to another have been seen
It is difficult to calculate the atmospheric neutrino flux below 1 GeV accurately, only with the results of high energy experiments, or with the observed atmospheric muon flux as we have done in Ref [6]
Summary
× Hint(N pro j, pNpro j, xint, Mborn, pbMorn) × σprod(N pro j, E pro j) · ρair(xint). If we assume that the Φpro j(N pro j, pNpro j, xint) is not largely affected by the variation of the hadronic interaction, we can calculate the lepton flux with a small variation of the interaction model by substituting the corresponding probability function Hint(N pro j, pNpro j, xint, Mborn, pbMorn) in the expression eq.[1]. It means we can study a small variation of the interaction model and resulting atmospheric lepton flux without repeating the Monte Carlo simulation. With this expression (eq.11), we can write the variation of the lepton flux as
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