Abstract
This work focuses on using the full potential of PV inverters in order to improve the efficiency of low voltage networks. More specifically, the independent per-phase control capability of PV three-phase four-wire inverters, which are able to inject different active and reactive powers in each phase, in order to reduce the system phase unbalance is considered. This new operational procedure is analyzed by raising an optimization problem which uses a very accurate modelling of European low voltage networks. The paper includes a comprehensive quantitative comparison of the proposed strategy with two state-of-the-art methodologies to highlight the obtained benefits. The achieved results evidence that the proposed independent per-phase control of three-phase PV inverters improves considerably the network performance contributing to increase the penetration of renewable energy sources.
Highlights
Since this paper proposes an unbalanced control of three-phase photovoltaic generators (PV) inverters involving an independent per-phase control of the active and reactive power, it is expected that the PV inverter has to be oversized
WORK This paper has explored the benefits of an independent perphase control of DER inverters for minimizing the overall distribution network unbalance
The paper has quantified the performance of the proposed operational strategy using the CIGRE Task Force C6.04.02 low voltage (LV) benchmark distribution network with different scenarios to evidence the influence of some key parameters as the DER penetration level, the percentage of independent per-phase DER inverters and the DER oversizing factor
Summary
The so-called European design for planning low voltage (LV) distribution networks consists of a three-phase fourwire network supplying loads from the three-phase secondary. One of the main power quality problems in these systems are the unbalances in voltage and more notably in currents It is well-known that these unbalances are mainly caused by the unequal distribution of single-phase loads among the three phases, as well as the different consumption patterns of clients [2], [3]. The additional functionalities provided by the inverters linked to the low-carbon technologies are well-known, their use has been conventionally limited to their reactive power-based voltage control [12], [23]–[29]. The extrapolation to the use of three-phase inverters interfacing BESSs and EVs will be undertaken in a future research In any case, this approach considers these new low-carbon technologies not as handicaps but as new resources able to bring several benefits to the system operation.
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