Abstract
The growth of using wind energy on a large scale increases the demand for wind energy conversion machines (WECMs), among these converters, the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is the favorite choice. However, DFIG is very sensitive to wind speed variations and grid faults during operation. In order to overcome these undesirable characteristics, this paper proposes a hierarchical fault tolerant control (FTC) to improve the performance of DFIG. The hierarchical fault tolerant control (FTC) approach consists of pitch angle control (PAC) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT). This hierarchical approach demonstrates the robust response under various (low, rated, and high) wind speed ranges and reduces the undesirable DC voltage overshoots during short-circuit disorder. The simulation results are summarized in a logical table, which depicts the order of controlling scheme and operation for a sustainable energy generation system. The proposed control scheme achieved the healthy and the robust dynamic response without deteriorating the grid power quality or stressing the converters, and approved the effectiveness to suppress the DC voltage overshoots and tolerate the lower down short-circuit disorder to its rated range.
Highlights
In many countries, wind is the prominent source of new energy and has become the beneficiary to develop their economies with different energy conversion machines such as the double fed induction generator (DFIG) [1,2,3,4,5]
This paper introduces a combination of pitch angle and maximum power point tracking controllers to deal with DC voltage overshoots, and keeps the faulty conditions close to its rated values during short-circuits
The hierarchical fault tolerant control (FTC) approach depends on the pitch angle control (PAC) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controllers
Summary
Wind is the prominent source of new energy and has become the beneficiary to develop their economies with different energy conversion machines such as the double fed induction generator (DFIG) [1,2,3,4,5]. The increase in the number of energy converters and their sizes demanded by industry opens up the way to build new burning designs and protection schemes [6,7,8,9,10]. Modern wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) rely on doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) in order to fulfil the energy demands efficiently [11,12]. The industry users and researchers have observed multiple benefits of this kind of machine, such as better control competency, low maintenance and inverter cost, robustness, and a comparatively higher power-size.
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