Improving the performance and stability of large-area carbon-based perovskite solar cells using N, O co-doped biomass porous carbon

Abstract

Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted widespread attention due to their outstanding advantages. Hole-transport-material-free carbon-based PSCs (C-PSCs) are some of the most potential devices. However, intrinsically inferior contact at perovskite/carbon interfaces and low conductivity of carbon electrode are restricting the commercial application of C-PSCs. In this study, an N, O co-doped biomass porous composite carbon electrode based on KOH-activated soybean dregs carbon, conductive carbon black and polymethylmethacrylate—N-KSDC—is prepared via a spraying method to efficiently improve perovskite/carbon interface qualities as well as enhance the efficiency and stability of C-PSCs. The results showed that the best power conversion efficiencies of N-KSDC-based C-PSCs with an active area of 0.08 and 1 cm2 were 13.45% and 11.08%, respectively. In addition, unencapsulated PSCs retained 92% of their initial power conversion efficiencies under ambient conditions without intentionally controlling humidity for 62 days. In this study, we propose a feasible and effective strategy to improve the performance and stability of perovskite/carbon interfaces in C-PSCs.