Improving the Level and Consistency of Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane (Erigeron canadensis L.) Control With Bromoxynil-Based Tankmixes Applied Preplant to Soybean

Meghan Dilliott,David C Hooker,Peter H Sikkema,Nader Soltani,Darren E Robinson

doi:10.5539/jas.v14n1p11

Abstract

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane (Erigeron canadensis L.) is a problematic weed in soybean. Bromoxynil-based tankmixes provide control of GR Canada fleabane in monocot crops; however, there is limited research on preplant (PP) applications in soybean. The objective of this study was to determine the best third tankmix partner with glyphosate plus bromoxynil applied PP to improve the level and consistency of GR Canada fleabane control in soybean. Four field trials were conducted over a two-year (2020, 2021) period. Glyphosate plus bromoxynil controlled GR Canada fleabane 52, 58, and 69% at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after application (WAA) respectively. The addition of saflufenacil to glyphosate plus bromoxynil improved GR Canada fleabane control 39% at 2 WAA and the addition of dicamba to glyphosate plus bromoxynil improved GR Canada fleabane control 39 and 29% at 4 and 8 WAA, respectively. The addition of bromoxynil to glyphosate plus 2,4-D ester or dicamba improved GR Canada fleabane control by 36 and 35%, respectively, at 2 WAA. The addition of bromoxynil to glyphosate plus tiafenacil or pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D improved GR Canada fleabane control by 19% at 8 WAA. The addition of bromoxynil to glyphosate plus metribuzin improved GR Canada fleabane control 31, 32, and 36% at 2, 4, and 8 WAA, respectively. Antagonism was observed between bromoxynil plus glyphosate plus tiafenacil or halauxifen-methyl 8 WAA, while the interaction between bromoxynil plus glyphosate plus pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D was considered synergistic. The addition of metribuzin, tiafenacil, pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D, 2,4-D ester, halauxifen-methyl, saflufenacil or dicamba to glyphosate plus bromoxynil improved the consistency of GR Canada fleabane at 2, 4, and 8 WAA. This study concludes that the addition of saflufenacil or dicamba to glyphosate plus bromoxynil can improve the level and consistency of GR Canada fleabane control applied PP to soybean.

Highlights

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane was the first documented dicot weed to evolve resistance to glyphosate (Heap, 2020; VanGessel, 2001)
A 2 × 8 factorial was organized in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications
At 2, 4, and 8 weeks after application (WAA), the addition of metribuzin, tiafenacil, pyraflufen-ethyl/2,4-D, 2,4-D ester, halauxifen-methyl, saflufenacil or dicamba to glyphosate plus bromoxynil improved the consistency of GR Canada fleabane control, as indicated by lower coefficient of variation (CV) compared to the CV of glyphosate plus bromoxynil

Summary

Introduction

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) Canada fleabane was the first documented dicot weed to evolve resistance to glyphosate (Heap, 2020; VanGessel, 2001). GR Canada fleabane can produce thousands of seeds (Bhowmik & Bekech, 1993; Davis et al, 2009) which can move up to 500 km in one dispersal event (Shields et al, 2006). GR Canada fleabane has been confirmed in 14 countries as of 2020 (Heap, 2020). GR Canada fleabane interference can reduce soybean yield. GR Canada fleabane interference can result in up to 93% yield loss if no weed management strategies are used (Byker et al, 2013a). GR Canada fleabane should be managed before soybean emergence to prevent yield loss (Bruce & Kells, 1990).

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Results