Improving the institutional environment for pilot testing of innovative technologies in Russia and abroad

Abstract

Aim. To propose scientifically substantiated approaches to improving and accelerating the development of the institutional environment of pilot testing of new technologies in Russia.Objectives. To analyze the current state and highlight the main problems of the experimental-industrial infrastructure of innovation activity in Russia and abroad; to present tools for improvement taking into account international experience and geopolitical challenges.Methods. The study uses the methods of analysis and synthesis of state programs to support the development of experimental-industrial infrastructure, the method of causal analysis of barriers to the formation of experimental-industrial infrastructure, as well as methods of tabular and graphical structuring and interpretation of data.Results. By analyzing the limiting factors of the development of pilot industrial infrastructure on the example of China, India and Western countries the general barriers inherent in these territories and specific barriers formed by geographical, political or cultural peculiarities are revealed. The analysis of tools for the development of pilot industrial infrastructure in Russia is presented, taking into account which the necessary measures of state support and its main beneficiaries are proposed and justified.Conclusions. In Russia in the last few years there has been a decrease in the number of research, design, engineering, design and survey organizations, pilot plants. The existing practice of functioning and development of experimental activities, weak dynamics of its development in the conditions of realization of the course on technological sovereignty in the country speak about the insufficient volume of state instruments of stimulation of experimental-industrial tests and development of experimental-industrial infrastructure. There is a need for a transition from the implementation of private initiatives to a systematic approach to the development of this activity with the involvement of the state, science, small and medium-sized businesses. In order to scale up the developed domestic practices and obtain tangible results for the economy, it is advisable to increase the financing of pilot industrial activities in comparable amounts with international practices.