Improving the Hardened Properties of Nonautoclaved Silicate Materials Using Nanodispersed Mine Waste

Abstract

The development trend of building materials science directs at on energy and resource conservation, as well as the creation of green composites. An important step in this direction is the disposal of waste of various origins, including mine waste. This study is aimed to improve the hardened properties of nonautoclaved silicate materials using nanodispersed mine waste for the use of the structural formation of wall silicate products. Binder composites obtained from sand-clay rocks of an incomplete stage of clay formation were prepared in the form of new compositions, using a modified calcareous-sandy-clay binder, based on which silicate products with improved strength properties and durability characteristics were developed. Using differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray diffraction patterns, as well as scanning electron microscopy images, the synthesis of hydration products in the system sandy clay rocks–calcium hydroxide–water without a traditional autoclave treatment was also studied. The features of hydration phase formation and hardening of modified binders were investigated taking into account the chemical, structural, and morphological features of sandy-clay rocks. Meanwhile, the microstructural, morphological, and thermal properties of the silicate materials at 2-day were also determined, and their work investigated their compressive strength and water absorption. The results show that the polymineral composition of the studied sandy-argillaceous rocks, which are nanodispersed mine waste, determines the possibility of interaction with quicklime with the formation of binders during hydrothermal treatment without pressure. Accordingly, it contributes to the production of low energy consumption silicate wall materials. Cementitious composites of unautoclaved silicate materials based on sandy clay rocks have hydraulic properties that are caused by the process of further formation and recrystallization of calcium hydrosilicates, which optimizes the ratio between gel and crystalline components and compacts the structure of the cementitious composites, which leads to an increase in performance. The use of sand-clay rocks instead of traditional quartz sand in the production of silicate materials improves the process of forming the raw mix, increases the strength of silicate products by 4–11 times, and optimizes the weather resistance of wall materials.