Abstract
The structure of roller bearings of axle boxes of freight and passenger cars was analyzed. The type of bearings depends on the operating conditions in a particular country. In the UK, the US, Japan, Poland, railcars are equipped with wheelsets with double-row cylindrical roller bearings. In Austria, bearing assemblies with two cylindrical roller bearings are used, and in Sweden – axle unit with two spherical roller bearings. Conventional, most massive cylindrical roller bearings (almost 99 % of all bearings) of axle boxes of Ukrainian freight and passenger cars were chosen as the basic design taking into account the technical and economic aspects of operation. Structural decomposition of basic bearings according to functions was performed. Structural and functional relationships of the bearing parts and elements of parts were revealed, the structural-functional model was constructed, making it possible to improve the functions of cages of basic bearings. Several new functions of cages appeared – the function of elimination of misalignment of its design, the function of reduction of forces of interaction with rollers and locator ring, the function of slippage reduction of rollers. The design changes in the cage components by increasing the number of windows, the convex shape of side surfaces of jumpers, profile section of the cage rings, which contribute to raising the technological level of bearings within the specified dimensions were grounded.
Highlights
In the present system «production market-consumer», the main role belongs to the latter
The aim of the study is to determine relationships among structural elements and their functions in roller bearing designs and validate the cage design changes when increasing the number of rollers to increase the technical level
The study of relations among structural elements and their functions in the roller bearing designs is a continuation of the author’s theoretical works on kinematics and dynamics of bearing parts [13], which were the basis for selecting the number and geometry of windows, as well as stiffness of the cage rings
Summary
In the present system «production market-consumer», the main role belongs to the latter. The manufacture of pro ducts that meet consumer requirements is a prerequisite for their competitiveness. This fully applies to roller bearings for railway vehicle axleboxes (RBRVA), in particular, freight and passenger cars. According to the Ukrzaliz nytsia (Ukrainian Railways), failure of the most common conventional cylindrical roller bearings of cars between 2000...2010 caused by contact-fatigue damage of rings and fatigue cracks of cages reached 10...12 % of the total number of failures that has negatively affected transport safety and frequency of maintenance [1]. Finding ways of system improvement of the technical level of Ukrainian RBRVA in the design and modernization is urgent and is of great practical importance for many branches of mechanical engineering
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