Abstract
A technique for improving the accuracy of CNC machine tools using software to compensate for thermally induced errors is described. Changes in the relative position of the tool and workpiece of a machine caused by thermal expansion and contraction of the machine elements is a major source of workpiece inaccuracy and part-to-part non-repeatability. An analysis of the thermal characteristics of a machine subject to all the normal sources of heat input is carried out so that the relationships which determine the relative position of the tool and workpiece as a function of temperature of certain critical zones can be established. Having determined the relationships, compensation offsets can be calculated from measured temperatures on a real time basis and these offsets can be implemented to counteract the thermally-induced displacements. The technique has been applied successfully to a vertical machining centre and its implementation resulted in an accuracy improvement of over five times in all axes.
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