Abstract
Optical sensing platforms based on anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs) with hollow cores have been used for bioanalysis and atomic spectroscopy. These integrated platforms require that hollow waveguides interface with standard solid waveguides on the substrate to couple light into and out of test media. Previous designs required light at these interfaces to pass through the anti-resonant layers.We present a new ARROW design which coats the top and sides of the hollow core with only SiO2, allowing for high interface transmission between solid and hollow waveguides. The improvement in interface transmission with this design is demonstrated experimentally and increases from 35% to 79%. Given these parameters, higher optical throughputs are possible using single SiO2 coatings when hollow waveguides are shorter than 5.8 mm.
Highlights
Hollow waveguides are interesting in the field of integrated optics because they allow for light guiding in low index media
The improvement in interface transmission with this design is demonstrated experimentally and increases from 35% to 79%
We present a new anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs) design which coats the top and sides of the hollow core with only SiO2, allowing for high interface transmission between solid and hollow waveguides
Summary
Hollow waveguides are interesting in the field of integrated optics because they allow for light guiding in low index media. Hollow waveguides have been created using Teflon AF [1,2], nanoporous waveguides [3], photonic crystals [4,5], and Bragg waveguides [6]. All of these approaches present difficulties to planar integration based on standard silicon processing, which is appealing because of lower fabrication costs. Solid-core ARROWs were first demonstrated by Duguay and are made by surrounding a guiding core with layers of different refractive indexes and thicknesses determined by the anti-resonance condition [9]. In order to make larger-scale integrated networks of hollow ARROW waveguides for labs-ona-chip, the total optical throughput from one edge of the chip to the other must be improved. This paper will discuss the design, fabrication, and experimentally determined loss of this new design
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