Improving seed palm germination using biomaterials Fenugreek seed extract (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

Abstract

The Barhee cultivar of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) holds significance due to its nutritional value. This study explores the impact of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) seed extract on the growth of Barhee seedlings. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of Fenugreek seed extract at various concentrations (0.0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%) revealed pronounced effects on the vegetative growth and phytochemical composition of Barhee seedlings. Our findings demonstrate a positive correlation between the Fenugreek seed extract treatments and the growth parameters of Barhee seedlings, particularly noteworthy when concentrations were below 2%. Notably, chlorophyll content increased by 58%, while soluble carbohydrates and proteins saw improvements of 55% and 48%, respectively. The antioxidant activity, measured through catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), also exhibited enhancements. Phenolic compounds registered a substantial increase of 47%. Moreover, Fenugreek seed extract contributed to membrane integrity by reducing levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating a positive impact on oxidative stress. These results collectively underscore the beneficial effects of Fenugreek seed extract on the growth and physiological aspects of Barhee date palm seedlings. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of Fenugreek as a growth-enhancing agent for date palm cultivation, specifically the Barhee variety. The positive outcomes observed in various parameters suggest that incorporating Fenugreek seed extract at appropriate concentrations could be a valuable strategy for optimizing the productivity and quality of date palm crops.