Abstract
Major constraint of growing rice in south central coastal region of Bangladesh is the tidal submergence of land and crops. Indigenous rice is generally grown in tidal floodplain harvesting poor yield. Transplanting seedlings of optimum age on appropriate date may potentially increase rice yield. We carried out on-farm trials for evaluating growth and yield performance of two indigenous rice varieties (Sadamota and Lalmota) and a high yielding variety (BRRI dhan 44) in response to variable seedling age and transplanting dates for two years. In the first year, 45 d and 60 d old seedlings of Sadamota were transplanted on a single date either in rows at 40 cm x 40 spacing or following farmers’ traditional practice of random transplanting. The second year’s trial compared the performance of one indigenous variety Lalmota and one modern variety BRRI dhan 44. Two age groups (45 d and 60 d) of seedlings of Lalmota and single age group (45 d) of BRRI dhan 44 were transplanted on two different dates (August 8 and August 24). First year’s trial results indicated that irrespective of seedling age, transplanting in rows produced higher yield compared with farmers’ traditional practice. In the second year’s trial, late transplanting of 45 d old seedlings of both the varieties gave higher yield compared with early transplanting. BRRI dhan 44 produced significantly higher yield than Lalmota. Late transplanting of 60 d old seedlings of Lalmota produced higher yield than transplanting younger seedlings. Lower yield of earlier planted rice was associated with greater hill mortality and seedling damage, and production of relatively lesser number of tillers and panicles. For increasing yield in tidal floodplain, late planting (late August) with 60 d old seedlings of indigenous varieties in rows (40 cm x 40 cm) has been suggested.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops and a major food source for more than half of the world population
This paper reports the influence of seedling age and transplanting date on the yield of modern and indigenous
Two villages – North Uttampur (22°33.057’ N latitude 90°9.704’E longitude) in Rajapur upazila, and Kistakathi (22°36.163’ N latitude and 90°9.899’E longitude) in Jhalakati sadar upazila representing tidal floodplain ecosystem were selected for conducting the trial
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important cereal crops and a major food source for more than half of the world population. Rice is planted to over 160 million ha producing about 478 million tons of grains annually [1]. About 90% of global rice production comes from Asian countries. In terms of area and production, Bangladesh ranks fourth among the rice producing countries after China, India and Indonesia. Bangladesh produces nearly 35 million tons of rice annually. Farmers of Bangladesh grow rice in three seasons – aus, aman and boro. Aman rice ranked first in area and production. High yielding varieties (HYVs) and hybrids are
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