Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study aims to improve the prediction accuracy of the rational standard thermal comfort model, known as the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) model, by (1) calibrating one of its input variables “metabolic rate,” and (2) extending it by explicitly incorporating the variable running mean outdoor temperature (RMOT) that relates to adaptive thermal comfort. The analysis was performed with survey data (n = 1121) and climate measurements of the indoor and outdoor environment from a one year-long case study undertaken at Hermitage Amsterdam museum in the Netherlands. The PMVs were calculated for 35 survey days using (1) an a priori assumed metabolic rate, (2) a calibrated metabolic rate found by fitting the PMVs to the thermal sensation votes (TSVs) of each respondent using an optimization routine, and (3) extending the PMV model by including the RMOT. The results show that the calibrated metabolic rate is estimated to be 1.5 Met for this case study that was predominantly visited by elderly females. However, significant differences in metabolic rates have been revealed between adults and elderly showing the importance of differentiating between subpopulations. Hence, the standard tabular values, which only differentiate between various activities, may be oversimplified for many cases. Moreover, extending the PMV model with the RMOT substantially improves the thermal sensation prediction, but thermal sensation toward extreme cool and warm sensations remains partly underestimated.
Highlights
A museum is a public space visited by subpopulations that vary widely in characteristics such as age, gender, socio-cultural and socio-economic background, and thermal expectations
This study aims to improve the prediction accuracy of the rational standard thermal comfort model, known as the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) model, by (1) calibrating one of its input variables “metabolic rate,” and (2) extending it by explicitly incorporating the variable running mean outdoor temperature (RMOT) that relates to adaptive thermal comfort
The PMVs were calculated for 35 survey days using (1) an a priori assumed metabolic rate, (2) a calibrated metabolic rate found by fitting the PMVs to the thermal sensation votes (TSVs) of each respondent using an optimization routine, and (3) extending the PMV model by including the RMOT
Summary
A museum is a public space visited by subpopulations that vary widely in characteristics such as age, gender, socio-cultural and socio-economic background, and thermal expectations. A museum aims to provide a thermally comfortable indoor environment for its visitors. One of the models reflects a heat balance model that predicts the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) based on the follo-wing physical characteristics: human metabolic heat production, clothing level, external work, air temperature, mean radiant temperature, relative air humidity, and air speed.[3] The percentage people dissatisfied (PPD) is calculated by the PMV, and a building is considered to provide sufficient thermal comfort when the PPD remains below 10%, i.e., a PMV between ¡0.5 and C0.5. The application of the PMV-PPD model typically results in a constant indoor environment with a little variation other than a winter and summer scenario to account for seasonal clothing adjustments.
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