Abstract
Polyester (PET) and Cellulose Acetate (CA) fabrics were modified by excimer laser irradiation. The induced surface changes were characterized by Scaning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The effect of laser treatment conditions such as power and time of irradiation on the dyeing behaviour of both polyester and cellulose acetate fabrics was studied. A greater depth of shade was achieved on laser treated fabrics compared to the untreated fabric dyed with disperse dye upon the same dyeing conditions. Fabric wettability, surface roughness and fastness properties were also given. Microscopic analysis of the cross section of the dyed samples showed deeper penetration of dye molecules inside the interior structure of cellulose acetate fabric. The depth of disperse dye into CA fibers increased from 20.2% for untreated sample to 43.9% for treated one that may help to overcome the ring dyeing problem. Also, laser treatment of cellulose acetate was more effective in enhancing its dyeability with disperse dye than ultrasonic dyeing technique under the same dyeing conditions.
Highlights
Ethylene Terephthalate (PET) was the most important synthetic fibers in terms of annual world demand as well as in terms of end uses
The whiteness indexes of pulsed laser treated Cellulose Acetate (CA) samples at 310 and 320 mw were approximately similar and it slightly decreased by increasing the laser power up to 413 mw
The lower power level of laser irradiation was more effective in enhancing the fiber wettability than the higher power. This holds true as reported elsewhere [10] that the high energy dose treatment of Poly Ethylene Terephthalate (PET) resulted in an increased contact angle indicating that the surface was more hydrophobic while the low energy treatment decreases the contact angle resulting in more hydrophilic fiber surface
Summary
Ethylene Terephthalate (PET) was the most important synthetic fibers in terms of annual world demand as well as in terms of end uses. Cellulose Acetate (CA) is considered as man made fibers and it was used in fine clothes. Both PET and CA fabrics were dyed with disperse dyes, which have a very low water solubility and were applied as aqueous dispersions. The diffusion within the fiber is commonly regarded as the rate-determining step in a circulating dye bath for well formulated dyes. The surface modification of fibers may affect the diffusion step and the colour depth
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