Abstract
Powertrain electrification is one of the effective ways to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions for off-road mobile machines. However, the batteries in the electric mobile machine always go through frequent and large power shocks, weakening the machine's productivity. To improve the productivity of the battery powered wheel loader, an electric-hydraulic hybrid parallel propulsion system solution is proposed. The hybrid powertrain is reconstructed from a battery powered electric powertrain by introducing a hydraulic pump-accumulator subsystem. The hydraulic powertrain is coupled to the electric powertrain in parallel providing strong power assistance and hydraulic energy recovery. A torque distribution energy management strategy is developed to manage the power flows of two energy sources. With the proposed hybrid powertrain, the productivity of the wheel loader is improved by up to 17.4%. The energy efficiency and carbon emissions are analyzed.
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