Abstract
In this paper two axis sun tracking method is used to absorb maximum power from the sun's rays on the solar panel via calculating the sun’s altitude and azimuth angles, which describe the solar position on the Iraqi capital Baghdad for the hours 6:00, 7:00, 8:00, 9:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 17:00 per day. The angles were calculated in an average approach within one month, so certain values were determined for each month. The daily energy achieved was calculated for the solar tracking method compared with the fixed tracking method. Designed, modeled and simulated a control circuit consisting of reference position truth table, PI Controller and two servomotors that tracked the sun position to adjust the PV panel perpendicular on the rays of the sun. The results obtained by a simulation software MATLAB/Simulink.
Highlights
Due to the increasing demand for renewable energy resources because it is environmentally friendly as it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and reduces the dependence on fossil fuel energy generation and in the future lead to increased reliance on renewable energies at the expense of energies generated by other traditional methods
The photo voltaic (PV) panels converts solar radiation into DC electrical power and the amount of this real power generated depends on the intensity of the solar radiation falling on the unit area of the PV, which changes with respect to (W.R.T) sun angles from sunrise to sunset
(Bawa and Patil, 2013) produced sun-tracking system depend on Arduino and LDR except it presents the fuzzy logic control and maximum power point tracking (MPPT). (Al-Najjar, 2015) showed the comparative study of using tilting tracking and fixed horizontal tracking method for 8 month in Baghdad city
Summary
Due to the increasing demand for renewable energy resources because it is environmentally friendly as it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and reduces the dependence on fossil fuel energy generation and in the future lead to increased reliance on renewable energies at the expense of energies generated by other traditional methods. That showed there is around 50% declination in the maximum performance of a fixed collector It is 10% for the axis-tracking panel. All (Mishra, et al, 2017), (Bawa and Patil, 2013) and (Chin, et al, 2011) papers are active sun tracker This type of tracking is depending on the sensors quality that are affected with heat, humidity or corrupted by any external cause (Hashim and Husien, 2016). This paper depends on the computational method of calculating the altitude and azimuth angle of the sun position during all seasons for Baghdad city These calculated angles will be database of the sun position that shines on Baghdad to the later researchers and this paper showed comparative results of the sun irradiances between the fixed panel and two axis-tracking panel. The two-axis tracking method is based on two servomotors with efficient and simple control circuit
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