Abstract
Approximately one-quarter of all Canadian children will seek emergency care in any given year, with the two most common medical problems affecting children in the emergency department (ED) being acute respiratory illness and injury. Treatment for some medical conditions in the ED remains controversial due to a lack of strong supporting evidence.The purpose of this paper is to describe a multi-centre team grant in pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) that has been recently funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). This program of research integrates clinical research (in the areas of acute respiratory illness and injury) and knowledge translation (KT). This initiative includes seven distinct projects that address the objective to generate new evidence for clinical care and KT in the pediatric ED. Five of the seven research projects in this team grant make significant contributions to knowledge development in KT science, and these contributions are the focus of this paper.The research designs employed in this program include: cross-sectional surveys, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental designs with interrupted time-series analysis and staggered implementation strategies, and qualitative designs.This team grant provides unique opportunities for making important KT methodological developments, with a particular focus on developing a better theoretical understanding of the causal mechanisms and effect modifiers of different KT interventions.
Highlights
In any given year, almost one-quarter of Canadian children seek emergency care and approximately 6% of these visits result in a hospital stay
The primary objectives of the Team Grant are to: generate new evidence for clinical care and knowledge translation (KT) through the conduct of rigorous multi-centered studies; train and mentor students, fellows, and new researchers in order to increase clinician and researcher capacity; and develop and advance a research agenda for methodological issues that arise during the conduct of the component research projects
In the KT loop are clinical research findings being implemented, we are developing new knowledge through assessing strategies that are effective to implementing the research
Summary
Almost one-quarter of Canadian children seek emergency care and approximately 6% of these visits result in a hospital stay. The research program described here focuses on the two most common medical problems affecting children in the ED: acute respiratory illness and injury. Research objectives The overall goal of the team grant is to improve the health outcomes of children with respiratory distress and injury presenting to the ED. Research Framework The theoretical model for the research program is based on the figure eight iterative loop [2] [see Figure 1]. Similar approaches using an iterative loop have previously been used in other clinical research areas to provide a framework for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of clinical strategies to reduce the burden of illness in specific clinical areas. The iterative loop addresses the need to assess the effectiveness of clinical strategies arising from clinical research as they are implemented in real-world situations
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