Improving Milk Intake in Milk-Averse Lactose Digesters and Maldigesters

Abstract

ObjectiveTo determine whether a 21-day milk-drinking intervention could reverse milk aversion. DesignParticipants consumed increasing amounts of cow’s milk for 21 days. Milk and dairy consumption, aversion, and likeness were assessed pre- and post-intervention and at 3 and 6 months post-intervention. SettingA large Midwestern university. ParticipantsTwenty-seven milk-averse individuals completed the intervention, 26 completed the 3-month follow-up, and 24 completed the 6-month follow-up. Main Outcomes MeasuredParticipants self-reported milk and dairy consumption, aversion, and degree to which they liked milk. AnalysisAnalysis of variance determined between-subject effects. Independent samples t test determined the effect of time. Fisher exact test determined factors affecting milk consumption. ResultsLactose digesters and maldigesters showed a significant decrease in overall symptom scores after the milk intervention, with no significant difference between groups. Independent of digestive status, subjects demonstrated a significant decrease in aversion, an increase in the amount to which they liked milk, and an increase in milk and overall calcium consumption at 3 and 6 months post-intervention. Conclusions and ImplicationsThe results suggest a reversal of milk avoidance and the possibility that milk avoiders can increase likeness and incorporate milk into their diet after exposure.