Abstract
Membrane Fouling is the major disadvantage faced in water treatment plants. The properties of the inflow water affect the efficiency, porosity, filtration rate in the membrane that is used as a filter and causes fouling. Fouling can be reduced by changing the properties of the inflow fluid like the change in pH, ion concentration, membrane material and characteristics like pore size, porosity, and the conditions like pressure, crossflow velocity. The fouling of the membrane increases the operating costs and requires very frequent maintenance. The idea of this article is to reduce the fouling in the filter membrane by grafting the membrane with a layer of nanomaterial or polymer to avoid the damage caused to the membrane. The polymer membrane is preferred over the inorganic due to cost-effectiveness, the commonly used polymers are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), Polyether Sulfone (PES), Cellulose Acetate (CA), Polypropylene (PP). This paper deals with the usage of grafted membranes for wastewater treatment.
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