Abstract
“Fat men cannot run as fast as thin men, but we build most of our vehicles as though deadweight fat increased speed…. I cannot imagine where the delusion that weight means strength came from….” - Henry Ford. Fuel efficiency and safety innovations are the most important consumer consideration purchasing a car. Lightweight material contributes for increasing car efficiency as steel development for automotive material leads to “Formable-Weldable High Strength Steel” that possesses high strength without sacrificing its ductility and weld ability. During this research study indicates the difficulties in production of automotive materials through TRIP steel, as challenged by a Dual Phase Steel produced from an ordinary commercial C-Mn steel through an ”Intercritical Annealing” route. Intercritical annealing had done at 740°C with variations in soaking time are followed by fast cooling in water. The Ferrite that surrounded by Martensite caused a significant impact to increase the strength of Dual Phase Steel, from 523.36 MPa to 1 GPa, with TEL 0.25 and UEL value of 0.2. By increasing the strength of Dual Phase Steel will impact the lightweight of the body frame of the car. With the higher the strength of Dual Phase Steel then the body of the car will improve lightweight.
Highlights
Fuel efficiency and safety innovations are the most important consumer consideration purchasing a car
The rapid cooling efect will transform the Austenite into Martensite so that the final structure of the Dual Phase Steel is a Ferrite surrounded by Martensite
The transformation of the C-Mn Steel microstructure into the microstructure of the Dual Phase Steels in the form of Ferrite surrounded by Martensite can be explained from the phenomenon of nucleation and growth of Austenite before transforming into Martensite
Summary
Fuel efficiency and safety innovations are the most important consumer consideration purchasing a car. High strength steel has the ability to absorb large amount of energy. This is related to the ability of car frame to absorb energy in the event of an accident or known as crashworthiness. To achieve these efficiency improvement, automakers are developing a wide array of advanced technologies. These include improvements to engines, drivetrains, transmissions and aerodynamics and utilization of hybrid-or-full electric power systems in conjunction with alternative fuels. The most fundamental and effective means of improving efficiency is accomplished by the reduction of vehicle mass
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