Abstract
A wireless sensor network is a distributed system interacting with physical environment. It comprises of motes equipped with task–specific sensors to measure the surrounding environment Wireless sensor networks are designed with energy constraint. More often Wireless Sensor Networks are deployed in harsh environments where failure of sensor nodes and disruption of connectivity are regular phenomena. Energy efficiency remains the main concern to achieve a longer network lifetime. One of the main design issues in wireless sensor networks is to obtain long system lifetime, as well as maintain sufficient sensing reliability. Communication amongst sensing nodes consumes largest part of energy. Communication and sensing consume energy, therefore efficient power management can extend network lifetime. The overall energy consumption of system can be reduced by turning off some redundant nodes. The objective is to cover maximum of network with the minimum active sensors.
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