Abstract
Copoly(phthalazinone biphenyl ether sulfone) (PPBES) as a commercially available polyarylether is a promising orthopaedic implant material because its mechanical properties are similar to bone. However, the bioinert surface of polyarylether causes some clinical problems after implantation, which limits its application as an implant material. In this study, the surface of PPBES was modified by a biomineralization method of polydopamine-assisted hydroxyapatite formation (pHAF) to enhance its cytocompatibility. Polydopamine (PDA) coating, inspired by the adhesion mechanism of mussels, can readily endow PPBES with high hydrophilicity and the ability to integrate via the bone-like apatite coating. PPBES and PDA-coated PPBES were evaluated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurement. The water contact angles were reduced significantly after coating with PDA. PDA was successfully synthesized on PPBES and more PDA was obtained by increasing the temperature. Bone-like apatite on PPBES (apatite-coated PPBES) was confirmed by SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cytotoxicity of pristine PPBES and apatite-coated PPBES were characterized by culturing of NIH-3T3 cells. Bone-like apatite synthesized by pHAF could further enhance cytocompatibility in vitro. This study provides a promising alternative for biofunctionalized PPBES with improved cytocompatibility for bone implant application.
Highlights
Polyarylethers have been widely applied for biomedical application due to their chemical resistance, mechanical properties similar to bone, radiolucency, and their structures
The results described apatite coating coating holds holds promising promising potential potential described demonstrate demonstrate that that PPBES
Polydopamine, with the ability to adhere to most surfaces, has been used to increase the to increase the hydrophilicity of a surface in membrane science and biomedical application hydrophilicity of a surface in membrane science and biomedical application [27,28,29]
Summary
Polyarylethers have been widely applied for biomedical application due to their chemical resistance, mechanical properties similar to bone, radiolucency, and their structures. Bioactive materials as the surface coating or composite filler are used to improve its osteointegration [2,3,4,5,6]. Ti and hydroxyapatite (HA) have been coated on PEEK to improve the bone–implant interface [7,8,9,10]. HA coating can be fabricated on PEEK or composite using a thermal plasma spray to bone mineral. A simple way to induce apatite coating polydopamine-assisted hydroxyapatite formation (pHAF). The constrains hydrophobic constrains the biomimetic as a hydrophilic modifier, improves the wettability of the chitosan-based substrates to enhance its mineralization. (PPBES), a commercially-used polyarylether, structure similar to PEEK.
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