Abstract
The reason of low mineral content in source water is its origin in poorly soluble mineral geological structures. There are many areas with very soft low-mineralised water around the world. All people involved in drinking water treatment as well as some public health experts and producers of chemicals used for water treatment may be interested in the study. Enrichment of drinking water by minerals including calcium and magnesium is very important particularly in regions where drinking water is prepared by desalination. The aim of this work was to study and intensify the recarbonization process. Half-calcined dolomite in combination with carbon dioxide constitutes the chemistry of the applied method. Advantages of using a fluidised bed reactor contributed also significantly to the process efficiency enhancement. Continuous input of carbon dioxide into the fluidised bed recarbonization reactor resulted in an increase in the recarbonization rate by about one order of magnitude compared with the process in without carbon dioxide addition. Very good fit of experimental data for hydrodynamic characteristics of fluidised bed was obtained using simple model based on the Richardson and Zaki expansion equation. The first order model describes kinetic data from the recarbonization process with a good accuracy. Higher recarbonization rates were observed with smaller particles of half-calcined dolomite.
Highlights
Drinking water, regardless to its source, is usually subject to one or more of a variety of treatment processes aimed at improving its safety and quality
Recarbonization is water treatment process to increase its calcium and magnesium content can be applied to enhance the quality of drinking water with very low level of minerals contained
The (Ca2+ + Mg2+) enrichment rate of raw water was higher by 33% in comparison with the recarbonization of demineralised water
Summary
Regardless to its source, is usually subject to one or more of a variety of treatment processes aimed at improving its safety and quality. These processes are selected according to the source water quality and the constituents and contaminants that require removal. Water shortages have plagued many communities, and humans have long searched for a solution to Earth’s deficient fresh water supplies.[2,3,4,5,6]. Recarbonization is water treatment process to increase its calcium and magnesium content can be applied to enhance the quality of drinking water with very low level of minerals contained. Water with very low total hardness is unstable and unbuffered. 7–10
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