Abstract
Owing to excellent mechanical property and biodegradation, magnesium-based alloys have been widely investigated for temporary implants such as cardiovascular stent and bone graft; however, the fast biodegradation in physiological environment and the limited surface biocompatibility hinder their clinical applications. In the present study, magnesium alloy was treated by sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) solutions, respectively, to produce the chemical conversion layers with the aim of improving the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. The results of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the chemical conversion layers of magnesium hydroxide or magnesium fluoride were obtained successfully. Sodium hydroxide treatment can significantly enhance the surface hydrophilicity while hydrogen fluoride treatment improved the surface hydrophobicity. Both the chemical conversion layers can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of the pristine magnesium alloy. Due to the hydrophobicity of magnesium fluoride, HF-treated magnesium alloy showed the relative better corrosion resistance than that of NaOH-treated substrate. According to the results of hemolysis assay and platelet adhesion, the chemical surface modified samples exhibited improved blood compatibility as compared to the pristine magnesium alloy. Furthermore, the chemical surface modified samples improved cytocompatibility to endothelial cells, the cells had better cell adhesion and proliferative profiles on the modified surfaces. Due to the excellent hydrophilicity, the NaOH-treated substrate displayed better blood compatibility and cytocompatibility to endothelial cells than that of HF-treated sample. It was considered that the method of the present study can be used for the surface modification of the magnesium alloy to enhance the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.
Highlights
Magnesium and its alloys are attracting more and more attention as kinds of biodegradable metallic biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical properties and biodegradation [1,2,3], in the applications that require degradation and subsequent disappearance of the device after cure [4].For example, magnesium-based alloys are very suitable for bone graft because the Young’s modulusAppl
(PEI)-silica nanoparticles can be coated on the Mg surface to improve the corrosion stability and implant–tissue interfaces of magnesium substrates [18], and the results indicated that the content of silica can modulate the corrosion rate and biocompatibility and the authors stated that the hybrid systems have significant potential as a coating material of Mg for load-bearing orthopedic applications
The surface chemical structures after the chemical surface modification were firstly characterized by ATR-FTIR
Summary
Magnesium and its alloys are attracting more and more attention as kinds of biodegradable metallic biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical properties and biodegradation [1,2,3], in the applications that require degradation and subsequent disappearance of the device after cure [4].For example, magnesium-based alloys are very suitable for bone graft because the Young’s modulusAppl. Magnesium and its alloys are attracting more and more attention as kinds of biodegradable metallic biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical properties and biodegradation [1,2,3], in the applications that require degradation and subsequent disappearance of the device after cure [4]. Magnesium-based alloys are very suitable for bone graft because the Young’s modulus. Sci. 2017, 7, 33 and density are very close to human natural bone. Mg and its alloys are good candidates for cardiovascular stents due to their good biocompatibility and biodegradation [5]. The addition of some elements such as Zn into magnesium alloys can impart excellent antibacterial properties and make them suitable for antibacterial biomaterials [6]
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