Abstract
Green infrastructure has received increasing attention in urban strategies in a sustainable and resilience context, since greenspaces provide diverse ecosystem services. Green roofs can be a form of compensating the loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity in urban areas, contribute to safe access to greenspaces, which is important in times of social isolation, due to viral pandemics, and can guarantee self-reliance food. Thus, this urban measure should be integrated in urban planning and management, by using urban indicators associated with citizens access to greenspaces. Hence, we study pedestrian accessibility to green areas and propose an urban solution to improve access to greenspaces. The assessment is developed using indicators related to the citizens living in the surroundings of green areas and the residential buildings that exist in these areas; the residents living in potential green buildings or blocks with private green roofs and the potential green buildings with private green roofs. The ideal standard distances were considered to analyze the proximity of green areas to the dwellings of residents. We used GIS for the assessment of distances over the pedestrian network. The results indicate the necessity of building green roofs through the private sector. The developed indicators provide an important contribution to the municipal management in the definition of criteria for the urban location of green roofs to promote better access to ecosystem services.
Highlights
Urban green infrastructure has received increasing attention in the field of planning and urban design in a sustainable and resilience context.The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by United Nations Member States in 2015, addresses relevant issues to ensure a sustainable development and to reduce disparities among people and countries
Green roofs can be a form of compensating the loss of ecosystem services and biodiversity in urban areas, contribute to safe access to greenspaces, which is important in times of social isolation, due to viral pandemics, and can guarantee self-reliance food
The assessment is developed using indicators related to the citizens living in the surroundings of green areas and the residential buildings that exist in these areas; the residents living in potential green buildings or blocks with private green roofs and the potential green buildings with private green roofs
Summary
Urban green infrastructure has received increasing attention in the field of planning and urban design in a sustainable and resilience context.The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by United Nations Member States in 2015, addresses relevant issues to ensure a sustainable development and to reduce disparities among people and countries. One of the new sustainable development goals is to “make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable” and there is a specific target on “public space” [1] that promotes the importance of having an urban green infrastructure. The Urban Agenda for the European Union, launched in 2016, stimulates growth, liveability and innovation in European cities and promotes green and resilient cities since environmental sustainability is fundamental to ensure the prosperity and well-being of all people within planetary boundaries. In Portugal, the Sustainable Cities 2020 strategy considers sustainable urban development for the period 2014–2020 and promotes the accessibility of urban outdoor spaces [4]. Researchers have been promoting the importance of green infrastructure in urban development, considering its ecosystem services and its contribution to the access of food, to reduce poverty and to promote human well-being
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