Improvements of ADAM3 by Incorporating New Dust Emission Reduction Formulations Based on Real-Time MODIS NDVI

Jeong Hoon Cho,Sang-Boom Ryoo,Jinwon Kim

doi:10.3390/rs13163139

Abstract

Dust events in Northeast Asia have several adverse effects on human health, agricultural land, infrastructure, and transport. Wind speed is the most important factor in determining the total dust emission at the land surface; however, various land-surface conditions must be considered as well. Recently, the Korea Meteorological Administration updated the dust emission reduction factor (RF) in the Asian Dust Aerosol Model 3 (ADAM3) using data from the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). We evaluated the improvements of ADAM3 according to soil types. We incorporated new RF formulations in the evaluation based on real-time MODIS NDVI data obtained over the Asian dust source regions in northern China during spring 2017. This incorporation improved the simulation performance of ADAM3 for the PM10 mass concentration in Inner Mongolia and Manchuria for all soil types, except Gobi. The ADAM3 skill scores for sand, loess, and mixed types in a 24 h forecast increased by 6.6%, 20.4%, and 13.3%, respectively, compared with those in forecasts employing the monthly RF based on the NDVI data. As surface conditions in the dust source regions continually change, incorporating real-time vegetation data is critical to improving performance of dust forecast models such as ADAM3.

Highlights

In arid and semiarid regions, sand and dust storms occur when strong or turbulent winds combine with exposed dry surfaces with loose soil [1]
We aimed to investigate the effects of the alteration in reduction factor (RF) on the accuracy of Asian Dust Aerosol Model 3 (ADAM3) simulations according to the soil types in the dust source regions
We examined the changes in the performance of ADAM3-based dust forecasting related to using an improved RF

Summary

Introduction

In arid and semiarid regions, sand and dust storms occur when strong or turbulent winds combine with exposed dry surfaces with loose soil [1]. Dust events in Northeast Asia occur most frequently in spring (from March to May) [2,3,4]. Mongolia and Manchuria have expanded, the frequency of Asian dust events has increased in South Korea and Japan, which are located leeward of the dry areas [5]. Sand and dust storms have several adverse effects on human health, agricultural land, infrastructure, and transport [1,6,7,8,9]. A new international coalition was launched to strengthen coordinated action against such sand and dust storms. The participating entities include the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), UN Development Program (UNDP), UN Environment Program (UNEP), UN

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion