Improvements in irritability with sertraline versus placebo: Findings from the EMBARC study

Abstract

BackgroundThis report seeks to evaluate improvements in symptoms of irritability with sertraline (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant) versus placebo. MethodsParticipants of Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care (EMBARC) study who were randomized to 8 weeks of treatment with either sertraline or placebo and completed 5-item irritability domain of Concise Associated Symptom Tracking scale (CAST-IRR) at baseline were included (n = 292). Repeated measures mixed model analysis with CAST-IRR as the outcome variable and treatment arm-by-time interaction as the independent variable of interest evaluated whether changes in irritability with treatment differed between sertraline and placebo arms. A separate analysis controlled for levels of overall depression severity (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). Covariates included age, sex, race, ethnicity, and site. ResultsThere was a significant treatment arm-by-time interaction (F = 6.96, df = 6, 1418, p <0.0001) suggesting that changes in irritability with sertraline differed from placebo. The magnitude of reduction in irritability from baseline to week-8 was greater with sertraline than with placebo (Cohen's d effect size = 0.56). After controlling for levels of overall depression severity at each visit, reduction in irritability with time continued to be significant with sertraline but not with placebo. LimitationsSecondary analysis, limited generalizability, lack of non-serotonergic antidepressants. DiscussionThere is greater improvement in irritability with sertraline than with placebo. Improvement in irritability with sertraline was independent of its effects on overall depression severity. Clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT01407094