Abstract
The present work aims to demonstrate the beneficial effect of using ultrasound on the metastable zone width (MSZW), induction time, yield and the crystal morphology for copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate. Effect of saturation temperature, initial concentration, stirring speed, cooling temperature, and cooling media on performance of crystallization process was investigated using conventional and US based method (both ultrasonic horn and ultrasonic bath). It was observed that the highest yield of 98.7% was obtained for US horn followed by 97.6% using US bath and 79.3% using conventional methods under optimized conditions. The metastable zone width and induction time significantly reduced due to ultrasound. Uniform and smaller size crystals were also seen in the case of ultrasound assisted approach whereas agglomeration of crystals appeared in the case of conventional approach. The energy requirement showed the trend of US horn < US bath < conventional approach. Overall, the application of ultrasound for crystallization of copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate was found promising to improve the process of crystallization in terms of MSZW, induction time, yield and the crystal behavior.
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