Abstract
Samples of Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconductor were prepared by solid-state reaction method to study the effects of gold nanoparticles addition to the superconducting system, Nano-Au was introduced by small weight percentages (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, and 1.25 weight %). Phase identification and microstructuralcharacterization of the samples were investigated using XRD and SEM. Moreover, DC electrical resistivity as a function of the temperature, critical current density Jc, AC magnetic susceptibility, and DC magnetization measurements were carried to evaluate the relative performance of samples. x-ray diffraction analysis showed that both (Bi,Pb)-2223 and Bi-2212 phases coexist in the samples having an orthorhombic crystal structure. Both the onset critical temperatures Tc (onset) and zero electrical resistivity critical temperatures Tc (R=0) of the samples were determined from the DC electrical resistivity measurements. An improvement of the superconducting transition temperature of 6.36 % was obtained with increasing Au nanoparticles to x = 1.25 wt.%, while the critical current density is improved by 220 %. AC magnetic susceptibility measurement showed that the diamagnetic fraction and intergranular coupling of the x = 1.25 wt.% sample are greater than those of the others. The variation of magnetization with temperature (M-T curve) of the samples was measured by cooling the sample in zero fields (ZFC) and an applied field of 10 Oe (FC). The results of AC magnetic susceptibility and DC magnetization measurements were in good agreement with DC electrical resistivity measurement.
Highlights
Many studies concerning the preparation techniques, structural and superconducting properties of Bi-based superconductors have been carried out [1,2,3,4]
No peaks belong to Au nanoparticles were found in the xray diffraction analysis (XRD) pattern as the amount of addition is very low and it was incorporated into the crystal structure
It can be noticed that the results show an enhancement in the critical current density of the Au nanoparticles added samples as compared to the Au-free sample, this enhancement is proportional to the concentration of the Au in the samples
Summary
Many studies concerning the preparation techniques, structural and superconducting properties of Bi-based superconductors have been carried out [1,2,3,4]. The formation and stability of this phase can be modified by the addition or substitution of elements of varying ionic radii and bonding characteristics This variation is thought to be related to the density of charge carriers in the CuO planes [7]. Pb is the most important doping element that influences the microstructure, phase composition and the related superconducting properties of the BSCCO system. Superconductor critical current density in an applied magnetic field was found to be increased when nanoparticles were added in the sample [21], which can be attributed to the presence of the flux pinning centers. The addition of Au nanoparticle is introduced as flux pinning centers to enhance the transport critical current density of BSCCO. Xray diffraction analysis (XRD) has been reported in order to calculate the lattice parameter and the relative portion of both Bi-2223 and Bi-2212 phases
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