Abstract
Improvement of Radiation Efficiency for Frequency Beam-Scanning Antennas Using a Subarray Topology
Highlights
The pointing angle of a frequency beam-scanning antenna is controlled by changing the frequency of the input signal
If |θmax1| is smaller than required scanning range of |θreq.|, one can decrease the element spacing dsfor enhancement. This approach is not efficient, since a large reduction of ds can only achieve a small increase in the scanning range, while this reduction of ds leads to a serious deterioration of sidelobe levels, larger transmission loss and even space arrangement issues to some commonly used radiators
By comparing the estimated directivity to simulated gain values of 16.16 dBi for the case without a subarray when m=3 and 17.09 dBi for the case with a subarray, it is seen that, the efficiency is increased from 55.1% to 68.2%, which means a 29.2% reduction is achieved for the overall loss by implementing the subarray topology
Summary
The pointing angle of a frequency beam-scanning antenna is controlled by changing the frequency of the input signal. In each phase-shifter, identical numbers of phase-delay units constructed in meander transmission-line structures are included to achieve progressive phase difference between adjacent radiating elements. This approach is not efficient, since a large reduction of ds can only achieve a small increase in the scanning range, while this reduction of ds leads to a serious deterioration of sidelobe levels, larger transmission loss and even space arrangement issues to some commonly used radiators Another approach is to increase the number of phase-delay units to be m+1. Phase-delay units are included in the secondary slow-wave line, respectively The 3-dB beamwidths are 70◦ for H-plane (xz-plane) and 100◦ for E-plane (yz-plane), respectively, which can fulfill design specifications listed above
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