Improvement of occupational safety and health management system in Ukraine in view of relevant declared initiatives of European Union

Abstract

The current problem of implementing European approaches to safety and health at work in Ukraine must take into account certain differences in the national occupational safety and health (OSH) legislation and the realities of its compliance at various enterprises. The purpose of this research is to characterize the main strategic directions of OSH activities in Ukraine on the basis of a comparative analysis of statistical indicators of occupational injuries in the EU countries and in Ukraine. A system-wide approach was applied, based on the methodology of statistical analysis of indicators of industrial injuries. This made it possible to substantiate the investigated structure and relationships of the OSH system. The analysis of the coefficients calculated as the ratio of the total number of injured workers to the number of deaths at work showed that the trend of increasing this coefficient during the previous ten years is characteristic of EU countries, in contrast to Ukraine, where this coefficient decreased by 40%. It is shown that for the introduction of European approaches to OSH strategy in Ukraine, it is necessary to take into account the existing differences in approaches to assessing the statistics of industrial injuries and occupational morbidity. Based on the statistical analysis of the data of the State Labour Service of Ukraine, three main causes of industrial injuries were identified, the total share of which reaches 80% of the total number of causes used in the state statistics of industrial injuries, which corresponds to the Pareto principle. As part of the OSH system in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, potential occupational risks during the performance of mechanized works were determined according to the method of expert assessments, analyzed and systematized according to their categories - high, medium, low.