Improvement of noise-induced hearing loss criteria and occupational risk assessment

Abstract

The analysis of the medical and social aspects of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) on the basis of its phenomenology is presented. The ear as an information receiver and frequency range of voice communication are considered. The NIHL classifications in Russia, starting with GOST 12.4.062-78 are described, and an overview of international (WHO, 2011; ILO, 2013; UKOOA, 2003) and national (Belgium, France, USA) NIHL criteria are outlined. As example a civil aviation pilot audiogram was compared to different criteria; it is shown that in 5 of 14 models used criteria were stricter than GOST 12.4.062-78. It is noted that for the medical fitness to work examination it is necessary to use criteria that differ from those for population. The modification of GOST 12.4.062-78 classification is proposed by subdivision of signs of the noise influence on the hearing into 2 groups: early and expressed signs with NIHL values at 4 kHz less than 20 dB and 20-40 dB, respectively, that is useful for monitoring and prevention. The use of PPE with a view to ensuring safety is considered. The proposal to improve NIHL evaluation criteria are proposed in connection with the adoption of SanPiN 2.2.4.335916 onphysical factors with PEL of noise and GOST R ISO 1999-2017 on assessment of noise-inducedhearing loss, taking into account the role of hearing health for safe and effective work.