Abstract
Four fed-batch control strategies were evaluated to improve the specific lactase activity of Kluyveromyces fragilis. Control strategies tested included DO-stat control, exponential feeding, exponential feeding with manual feedback control and corrected feed-forward control. Each was implemented with standard sensors (i.e., temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH sensors) commonly installed in fermenters. The highest specific activity was obtained using the corrected feed-forward control strategy, a strategy incorporating a novel method for on-line estimation of specific growth rate. The control strategy was able to operate effectively to a final cell density of 69 g dry wt l−1 with a specific lactase activity of 2 U mg−1 cell dry wt.
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