Abstract
The flux pinning properties of polycrystalline (Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ)1−x(Fe3O4)x, with x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 superconductors were investigated. The collective pinning theory was successfully used to describe the magnetization critical current density (Jc) of all samples. The value of Jc was enhanced by the proper doping contents of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Possible origins for these achievements were attributed to the increases in both flux pinning force and activation energy. The appearance of the additional point-like pinning centers was confirmed via Dew–Hughes model fitting analysis.
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