Improvement of Flavonoids in Lemon Seeds on Oxidative Damage of Human Embryonic Kidney 293T Cells Induced by H2O2.

Dingyi Yang,Ruokun Yi,Qianqian Lei,Xin Zhang,Yuqing Wang,Xin Zhao,Yong Jiang

doi:10.1155/2020/3483519

Dingyi Yang, Ruokun Yi + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3483519

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Abstract

In this study, flavonoids in lemon seeds (FLS) were used to assess its improvement on the oxidative damage of human embryonic kidney 293T cells (HEK 293T cells) induced by H2O2. In vitro experiments showed that the survival rates of HEK 293T cells treated with different flavonoid concentrations (50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 150 μg/mL) exceeded 95%, indicating no significant toxic effect. Compared with the normal group, H2O2 (0.3 mmol/L) resulted significantly in oxidative stress injury of HEK 293T cells. The survival rate of the damaged cells increased after treatment with flavonoids, and the survival rate of cells treated with a high concentration (150 μg/mL) of flavonoids was 76.2%. Flavonoids also effectively inhibited H2O2-induced apoptosis. At the same time, flavonoid treatment significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content in cells and increased the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analysis also suggested that FLS upregulated mRNA and protein expressions of CAT, SOD (SOD1, SOD2), GSH (GSH1), and GSH-Px in H2O2-induced oxidative damage of HEK 293T cells. The high-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated that FLS contained six compounds, including gallocatechin, caffeic acid, epicatechin, vitexin, quercetin, and hesperidin. FLS were proven to have a good antioxidant capacity in vitro and improve significantly the oxidative damage of HEK 293T cells induced by H2O2. The biological activity value warrants investigation in additional studies.

Highlights

Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. has been widely consumed as a vitamin-rich fruit [1]
flavonoids in lemon seeds (FLS) extracts from lemon seed with concentrations of 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 150 μg/mL were used in the subsequent studies
After simultaneous treatment with H2O2 (Figure 2(a)) and after H2O2-induced oxidative damage (Figure 2(b)), the survival rates of the cells treated with 50 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, and 150 μg/mL FLS extracts were significantly improved, and the survival rate of the cells treated with high concentration (150 μg/mL) was 89.2%, with more significant effect (P < 0:05)

Summary

Introduction

Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. has been widely consumed as a vitamin-rich fruit [1]. Most of the lemon seeds in the fruit are discarded. F. has been widely consumed as a vitamin-rich fruit [1]. Most of the lemon seeds in the fruit are discarded. In traditional Chinese medicine, only a small amount of lemon seeds is added in some compounds in traditional Chinese medicines. Little is known regarding its biological activity in modern molecular biology and other technologies. One study has shown that lemon seed extract can play an antioxidant role in soybean oil processing [2]. Lemon seed extract can maintain oxidation stability and αtocopherol in soybean oil processing [3]. In vitro experiments have demonstrated that lemon seed extract can inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer and play an anticancer role [4]

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