Abstract
The increase in operating temperature of PV generators leads to degradation of their performance. These adverse effects of high temperatures are considered as one of the most important problems that solar panel operation faces in hot weather areas. A lot of research has been undertaken to study this aspect and find ways of limiting the harm caused by such high temperatures. To overcome this harm and to maintain the operating temperature of the PV cells within the optimum range specified by manufacturers, cooling the solar panels often becomes indispensable. This paper discusses the heat transfer through the solar panel layers and studies the effect of high temperature on the solar panel performance in a hot desert environment. It also presents the development of a new solar panel structure viz. by installing an aluminum heat sink to reduce the effect of temperature rise and thus improve the solar panel performance. The study focuses on a pole-mounted solar panel for a street lighting apparatus in extremely hot desert conditions with fluctuating wind speeds. It will be shown that adding an aluminum heat sink to the solar panel bottom mitigates the effect of increased temperature and hence modifies the solar panel operating point by increasing both the efficiency and the lifetime. The solar cell temperature is decreased by 16.4% as a result of the aluminum heat sink installation on the solar panel back sheet and consequently, the accumulated energy produced by the the solar panel is increased by 13.23% per day.
Highlights
Saudi Arabia is a leader in the field of fossil oil production in the Middle Eastern Gulf region.in the recent years the country has made strides in harnessing new renewable energy sources to meet its energy requirements, mostly owing to the environmental sustainability of these energy sources [1]
The results indicate that the temperature of the solar cell is decreased and the heat transfer through the solar panel bottom is increased due to the installation of the aluminum heat sink
The aluminum heat sink which is installed to the solar panel back sheet via aluminum heat sink is installed, the heat transfer through the bottom surface is increased, as shown in thermal grease improves the thermal conductivity and appears to be effective at lowering the temperature
Summary
Saudi Arabia is a leader in the field of fossil oil production in the Middle Eastern Gulf region.in the recent years the country has made strides in harnessing new renewable energy sources to meet its energy requirements, mostly owing to the environmental sustainability of these energy sources [1]. Energies 2020, 13, 3159; doi:10.3390/en13123159 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies (Saudi Arabia) which is considered a good example of a severe temperature case with the highest solar radiation values [2]. Many studies have indicated a reduction of the efficiency of solar panels under high temperature conditions [3,4,5]. In [6] the active cooling is done by using power from 12 V 5.4 W batteries. In [7] active cooling has been used to study the effect of cooling on the PV characteristics, and it has been found that the module surface temperature has a direct effect on the open circuit voltage. An increase of up to 8.4% has been recorded in the maximum power achieved
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