Abstract
L-carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (AC) modulate several sperm metabolic functions, such as fatty acid oxidation, acetyl-CoA/free CoA ratio and utilization of pyruvate and lactate as energy substrates. LC has a powerful antioxidant effect by reducing the availability of lipids to peroxidation and increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Moreover, the presence of carnitines ensures the operation of oxidative pathways by reducing acetylCoA levels and provides acetyl groups for sperm motility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these substances on cooled spermviability. Two ejaculates from 6 stallions were diluted with skim milk-based extender (Botu-SemenTM) to a final concentration of 50x106 spermatozoa/mL and then divided into 4 groups: Control (no LC/AC), LC (0.1mM/mL of LC), AC (0.1mM/mL of AC) and LC/ AC (0.1mM/mL of LC+0.1mM/mL of AC). All groups had the osmolarity adjusted to 380 mOsm and pH at 6.8. After treatment, samples were placed at 5 C for 24 and 48 hr. Sperm motility was determined by computer-assisted semen analysis (Hamilton-ThorneTM) for total motility
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