Abstract
BackgroundDisability in spinal cord injury is an important medical problem, and cell transplantation is considered as an option for the treatment.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to use bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) derived cholinergic neuron-like cells (CNL) in order to ameliorate the contusion model of spinal cord injury in rats.Materials and MethodsThe CNLs were produced by pre inducing BMSCs with β-mercaptoethanol (BME) followed by inducing with nerve growth factor (NGF). The cells were immunoreactive to neurofilament 200, NeuN, synaptophysin, synapsin, microtubule associated protein-2 and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT). The CNL were transplanted in contused rats (CR), which were sacrificed after 12 weeks.ResultsThe results showed that BBB test showed an improvement in the CR, while the quantitative analysis showed that the improvement rate was higher in the rats treated with CNL than those treated with BMSCs only or the untreated animals, similar results were noticed in the improvement index. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tissue section prepared from the CR showed that the transplanted cells were engrafted and integrated in the traumatized spinal cord. The morphometric analysis showed that the volume density of the cavity in the CNL treated rats was significantly lower than that of the untreated ones, while the spinal tissue regeneration index was significantly higher.ConclusionsThe conclusion of the study is that CNL can improve the injured spinal cord.
Highlights
Disability in spinal cord injury is an important medical problem, and cell transplantation is considered as an option for the treatment
Newman et al mentioned that the hematopoietic system derived cells such as bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and umbilical cord cells could be an alternative source for the treatment of central nervous system injury models because of their ability to differentiate into neuron-like cells and to engraft the traumatized tissues with functional recovery [3]
The animals were divided into five groups: sham operated (S), contused without treatment (C), placebo (P: contused animals treated with 9 μL normal saline only, which was used as the vehicle and was injected intraspinally at the epicenter, rostral and caudal of the impact site), the BMSCs treated group (B: 300,000 BMSCs in vehicle injected as above) and the cholinergic trans differentiated neurons from the BMSCs (N: 300,000 CNL in vehicle injected as above)
Summary
Disability in spinal cord injury is an important medical problem, and cell transplantation is considered as an option for the treatment. Newman et al mentioned that the hematopoietic system derived cells such as bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and umbilical cord cells could be an alternative source for the treatment of central nervous system injury models because of their ability to differentiate into neuron-like cells and to engraft the traumatized tissues with functional recovery [3]. Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: This article can be useful for investigators who use cell therapy for improvement of locomotive activities of spinal cord injury. This can be used as a background for preclinical trials
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