Abstract
Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramatuelle and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (skullcap) have been used as safe raw materials for drinking or as traditional medicines in Korea. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of ovalbumin-induced asthma in a mouse model. After establishing the model, mice were treated with a mixture of chrysanthemum and skullcap extracts at different mixing ratios (6 : 4, 7 : 3, and 8 : 2). Immune cell counts and the production of various inflammatory cytokines were measured using biochemical tests. Among the mixtures tested, the 7 : 3 ratio (CS73) showed the most pronounced effects. CS73 significantly reduced the levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-17E in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatic mice. In addition, CS73 treatment significantly increased the production of IL-2 and interferon-γ and decreased the production of immunoglobulin E, histamine, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin in asthmatic mice compared to the control group. Our results suggest that the combination of chrysanthemum and skullcap extracts, especially at a 7 : 3 ratio, can be used to improve bronchial health and contribute to improved public health.
Highlights
Recent advances in molecular biology and medicine have led to the development of various treatment methods for allergic diseases, including asthma, the number of cases of allergic disease continues to increase because of complex pathology and environmental changes [1]
The presence of the active compounds luteolin 7-glucoside and baicalein in the chrysanthemum and skullcap extracts was confirmed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). e results of the HPLC analysis of the extracts and their active compounds are shown in Figure 1. e peak of the standard luteolin 7-glucoside was detected at 8.797 min, which was detected at 9.101 min among the peaks of the chrysanthemum extract. e peak of the standard baicalein was detected at 17.559 min, which was detected at 17.461 min among the peaks of the skullcap extract
Our results showed that IgE, histamine, and TSLP production in the serum and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (BALF) were significantly reduced in the CS73 group compared to those in the control group
Summary
Recent advances in molecular biology and medicine have led to the development of various treatment methods for allergic diseases, including asthma, the number of cases of allergic disease continues to increase because of complex pathology and environmental changes [1]. Environmental factors that cause a rapid increase in the number of patients with allergies include a westernized diet, atmospheric pollution by chemical fuels, fewer bacterial or parasitic infections, and increased psychological stress [2]. Steroids, anticholinergics, and α- and β2-receptor agonists in various forms, including topical drugs and inhalers, are used. These treatments cannot completely treat the root causes of asthma [3]. As atmospheric pollution in Korea continues to increase because of the presence of fine particulate matter and yellow dust, we aimed to identify functional materials derived from natural substances that can alleviate bronchial discomfort by improving bronchial hyperresponsiveness
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