Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a widespread chronic inflammatory dermatologic disorder. This randomized, double-blind study aims to evaluate the effect of synbiotic baths with a defined mixture of six viable lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and prebiotics, without bacteria and prebiotics and placebo baths without prebiotics and bacteria to treat AD patients over a period of 14 days. Therefore, AD patients were randomly assigned into three groups using synbiotic (n = 7), prebiotics (n = 8) or placebo baths (n = 7). Severity of AD was evaluated over time by using severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) and by patient questionnaires. In addition, microbiome on eczematous skin surface was sampled by swaps from each patient before the bath treatment, and after 9, 11 and 14 days of bath treatment. Thereafter, nucleic acids were extracted and the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified via PCR for subsequent amplicon sequencing. Results showed a significantly reduced SCORAD over time of AD patients after daily synbiotic or prebiotic baths. Moreover, AD patients after daily synbiotic baths had a significantly improved pruritus and skin dryness and their bacterial microbiome was enriched by LAB. Taken together, a synbiotic bath is a promising topical skin application to alleviate AD.
Highlights
IntroductionPublisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) of Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients of synbiotic bath improved significantly better compared to the other bath treatments over time
AD severity is very often linked to the abundance of S. aureus in the AD skin microbiome [46], and AD patients in this study showed a high relative sequence read abundances of members of the genus Staphylococcus (Supplementary Figure S2), which was correlated to the SCORAD (Figure 1)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common dermatologic disorders affecting up to 20% of children as well as 1 to 3% of adults worldwide [1]. Pathogenesis is impacted by a multitude of genetic and environmental factors such as skin barrier dysfunction [2], abnormal protein and enzyme processing [3,4], impairment of tight junctions [5], impairment of the inflammatory cascade [6], dysbiosis of the skin microbiome [7] and exposure to irritant or proven allergic substances [8]. Due to the multifactorial nature of AD, efficient and well-tolerated treatment without any severe side effects are still challenging
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