Abstract
This paper focuses on that the aging characteristics for (Mn, Nb, Er)-doped ZnO–V2O5-based varistor ceramics could be controlled by small sintering change. Small change in the sintering temperature did have a noticeable effect on the DC aging characteristics as well as initial electric field-current density (E–J) characteristics. As the sintering temperature increased, the average grain size increased from 4.3 to 9.0 μm, whereas the sintered density decreased from 5.57 to 5.47 g/cm3. The breakdown field and the nonlinear coefficient decreased from 7,408 to 1,424 V/cm and from 55.0 to 24.1, respectively, with an increase in the sintering temperature. Concerning stability, the varistor ceramics sintered at 925 °C exhibited surprisingly stable accelerated aging characteristics, with %ΔE1 mA = 1.4 % and %Δα = 13 % for DC accelerated aging stress of 0.85 E1 mA/85 °C/24 h.
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