Improvement of accuracy of multi-scale models of Li-ion batteries by applying operator splitting techniques

Abstract

In this work operator splitting techniques have been applied successfully to improve the accuracy of multi-scale Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery models. A slightly simplified Li-ion battery model is derived, which can be solved on one time scale and multiple time scales. Different operator splitting schemes combined with different approximations are compared with the non-splitted reference solution in terms of stability, accuracy and processor cost. It is shown, that the reverse Strang–Marchuk splitting combined with the implicit scheme to solve the diffusion operator and Newton method to approximate the non-linear source term can improve the accuracy of the commonly applied vertical (sequential) multi-scale models by almost 3 times without considerably increasing the processor cost.