Abstract
In satellite-based optical time-frequency dissemination, the Doppler effect caused by the relative motion of the satellite will affect the accuracy of time-frequency comparison. It is necessary to build a stable Doppler simulation system with high optical efficiency to verify the feasibility of the Doppler compensation algorithm under linear sampling. High system stability can guarantee the continuity of the Doppler simulation process during the experiment as well as the data consistency in the results. A high system optical efficiency will provide a long experimental distance for the time-frequency dissemination experiments. Based on the Doppler simulation system from NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology), we replace the flat mirror with a small position-adjustable hollow retroreflector, which will improve the system stability without system optical efficiency decrease caused by depolarization. Also, we add a half-waveplate for more accurate polarization control to improve the overall optical efficiency. The experimental system optical efficiency is stable within the range of 6% to 7% for the entire track range, which meets our requirements. The reliability of this system has been validated in time-frequency dissemination experiments and it has helped the study of Doppler simulation on the ground.
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