Abstract
A drastic improvement in the overall performance including permeability and antifouling characteristics were observed for polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane by incorporation of dopamine, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) in one pot synthetic scheme. SEM and EDS mapping were used to signature the homogenous distribution of HNTs on membrane surface, whereas surface roughness of membrane was evaluated by AFM. The modified membrane surface was found to be highly hydrophilic as suggested from the water contact angle value (38.2°), while the water flux across the membrane was found to be 291.9 L· m−2· h−1. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) separation tests indicated that, the modification broke the tradeoff between flux and rejection ratio of membrane, which reached as high as 235.8 L· m−2· h−1 and 92.0%, respectively. Moreover, a significant improvement in antifouling characteristics were evidenced from static adsorption and dynamic permeation experiments. This study provides a facile and useful guideline to design novel UF membrane and expand its practical applications for wastewater treatment.
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