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Abstract
Magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) of 12 ± 4 nm diameter are electrochemically synthesized for the adsorption and magnetic harvesting of Cr(VI) from contaminated simulated solutions. The removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous media follows pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption efficiency is evaluated in three different scenarios. In standard conditions, i.e., at room temperature; in a thermal bath working at 60 °C, where the temperature could be considered homogeneous within the solution; and finally, under magnetic induction heating, while adjusting the frequency and magnetic field used to attain the same temperature as in the bath experiments. Two benefits of using a magnetic inductor are demonstrated. First, the removal efficiency is almost doubled in comparison to that of the room temperature experiments, and it is higher by 30% compared to that of the bath setup. At the same time as the adsorption occurs, a redox reaction occurs on the surface of the nanoparticles, and Cr(VI), the predominant species in the contaminated solution, is significantly reduced to Cr(III). Through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is shown that a greater reduction effect is achieved when working in induction conditions than at room temperature. This is the first time that this synergistic effect using magnetic induction heating has been demonstrated for heavy metal decontamination of wastewater.
Highlights
Pollution has become a worldwide problem of great concern due its harmful effects on the environment and human health [1]
I.e., at room temperature; in a thermal bath working at 60 ◦C, where the temperature could be considered homogeneous within the solution; and under magnetic induction heating, while adjusting the frequency and magnetic field used to attain the same temperature as in the bath experiments
The removal efficiency is almost doubled in comparison to that of the room temperature experiments, and it is higher by 30% compared to that of the bath setup
Summary
Pollution has become a worldwide problem of great concern due its harmful effects on the environment and human health [1]. Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, silver, chromium, and copper are dangerous pollutants because they cannot be degraded. The most common are electrocoagulation [10], microfiltration [11], membrane [12], photocatalytic reduction [13], catalytic reduction [14], and adsorption [15] Most of these methods have complex and expensive procedures that should be considered when selecting the ideal treatment process. The subsequent reuse after several adsorption/desorption cycles is a good characteristic of NPs [20]
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