Abstract
Improvement in the simulation of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall by modifying the existing microphysical scheme in Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM), ECHAM5, is of great interest in this present study. New formulations for the cloud ice formation have been implemented and tested in this sensitivity studies. Core monsoon zone rainfall is better captured by modification experiments as compared to the control simulations. Modification experiments give indication of improvement in cloud ice production. The overestimation of total cloud cover over the oceanic region is improved a lot in modification experiments. The major improvement appears in the realistic simulations of the proper ratio of convective and stratiform rain products. It depicts better resemblance with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) observations. The changes in cloud ice production arise due to different formulations used in this study, and it is manifested in the monsoon rainfall by the production of proper convective to total rain ratio. Ice nucleation which is a function of supersaturation (called as experiment MOD1) performs better for the Indian monsoon region. A new formulation used in this study provides promise for the better simulation of monsoon and it will further accelerate the future development of a reliable prediction system of ISM using dynamical models.
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