Abstract

Under 980 nm excitation, enhanced ultraviolet (UV) upconversion (UC) emissions at 242.4 nm, 276.1 nm, 289.7 nm, 296.4 nm, 303.6 nm, 357.7 nm and 387.8 nm of Ho3+ ions were observed in beta-NaYF4:20%Yb3+, 1.5%Ho3+ microcrystals (MC) which were synthesized through a hydrothermal method. The results indicated that these UV emissions came from five- and four-photon UC processes. Dynamical analysis on Ho3+ excited states suggests that, for excited Ho3+ ions, the higher the energy level is, the shorter the lifetime is.

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