Abstract
One of the great challenges in the energy sector represents retrofit of residential buildings where 3/4 of buildings in Europe are residential. To reduce energy consumption and increase the use of renewables in existing residential buildings a holistic approach of retrofit with interconnected technological system is needed. In the present paper energy toolkit based on the synergetic interaction between technologies integrated in the system for holistic retrofit of residential buildings which is under development within HEART project (HORIZON 2020) is presented. In this project step towards self-sufficient heating and cooling of building is made with an increase in on-site consumption of self-produced energy in PV from solar energy, where produced electrical energy is used also for heat pump operation. In this case thermal energy storage plays an important role for storing heat or cold for time when solar energy is not available. Improvement of sensible thermal energy storage with implemented cylindrical modules at the top of the heat storage tank and filled with phase change material is investigated experimentally. 43 litres of paraffin with phase change temperature between 27 °C and 29 °C was used in a system, what represented 15 % of total volume of heat storage tank. The results from experiment shows that thermal energy storage unit with integrated modules filled with phase change material can supply desired level of water temperature for twice as long at smaller temperature level as sensible thermal energy storage what is the consequence of higher energy density that can be stored during phase change. The advantage of phase change materials is in thermal energy storage for applications that needs narrow temperature range of supplying and storing thermal energy what is the subject matter of consideration in the case of HEART project.
Highlights
Prudent and efficient utilization of renewable energy sources is needed in order to meet demands from European directive on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD) and to comply with Paris agreement for global clean energy transition [1]
In the present paper energy toolkit based on the synergetic interaction between technologies integrated in the system for holistic retrofit of residential buildings which is under development within HEART project (HORIZON 2020) is presented
Improvement of sensible thermal energy storage with implemented cylindrical modules at the top of the heat storage tank and filled with phase change material is investigated experimentally. 43 litres of paraffin with phase change temperature between 27 °C and 29 °C was used in a system, what represented 15 % of total volume of heat storage tank
Summary
Prudent and efficient utilization of renewable energy sources is needed in order to meet demands from European directive on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD) and to comply with Paris agreement for global clean energy transition [1]. With thermal energy storage integration into system with renewable energy source utilization, it is possible to levelize mentioned mismatch between production from renewables and demand for heating or cooling of buildings. Lu et al [8] proposed the improvement of buffer storage with multi-melting point PCMs. Investigated latent thermal storage unit where compared with the conventional sensible storage unit, where the PCM accounting for 19 % of the tank volume would extend time of heat release by 34 %. Yearly CO2 reduction potential is 56 % and yearly energy reduction potential is 76 % From these researches it can be shortly summarized that PCMs in thermal storage applications offer a meaningful advantage compared to water thermal storages from energy density point of view. PCMs for highest possible utilization of solar energy for heating and cooling of residential buildings
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