Abstract
Residual tumor resulting in tumor recurrence after various anticancer therapies is an unmet challenge in current clinical oncology. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that radioiodinated hypericin (131I-Hyp) may inhibit residual tumor recurrence after microwave ablation (MWA) on rat orthotopic liver allograft sarcoma models.Thirty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with hepatic tumors were divided into three groups: Group A received laparotomy MWA and sequential intravenous injection (i.v.) of 131I labelled hypericin (131I-Hyp) in a time interval of 24 h; Group B received only laparotomy MWA; Group C was a blank control. Tumor inhibitory effects were monitored with in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and these findings were compared to histopathology data before (baseline, day 0) and 1, 4, and 8 days after MWA. In addition, biodistribution of 131I-Hyp was assessed with in vivo single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) imaging, in vitro autoradiography, fluorescent microscopy, and gamma counting.A fast clearance of 131I-Hyp and increasing deposit in necrotic tumors appeared over time, with a significantly higher radioactivity than other organs (0.9169 ± 1.1138 % ID/g, P < 0.01) on day 9. Tumor growth was significantly slowed down in group A compared to group B and C according to MRI images and corresponding tumor doubling time (12.13 ± 1.99, 4.09 ± 0.97, 3.36 ± 0.72 days respectively). The crescent tagerability of 131I-Hyp to necrosis was visualized consistently by autoradiography and fluorescence microscopy.In conclusion, 131I-Hyp induced necrosis targeted radiotherapy improved therapeutic outcomes of MWA on rat orthotopic liver allograft sarcoma models.
Highlights
Liver cancer treatment has advanced significantly [1,2,3]
This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that radioiodinated hypericin (131I-Hyp) may inhibit residual tumor recurrence after microwave ablation (MWA) on rat orthotopic liver allograft sarcoma models
Locoregional thermal ablations have evolved as crucial complementarily therapies [4,5,6,7,8,9] for liver cancer, and among these strategies, percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) with real-time ultrasonographic guidance is favored because it is minimally invasive with fewer complications, and offers accurate targeting with substantially long-term curative effects compared to surgical resection [5, 10, 11]
Summary
Locoregional thermal ablations have evolved as crucial complementarily therapies [4,5,6,7,8,9] for liver cancer, and among these strategies, percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) with real-time ultrasonographic guidance is favored because it is minimally invasive with fewer complications, and offers accurate targeting with substantially long-term curative effects compared to surgical resection [5, 10, 11] Even with these superiorities, local or distant tumor metastases are identified after treatment, often due to large tumors volume and tumors that are adjacent to large vessels and/or vital organs which are continual challenges in efforts to completely eradicate disease. The microenvironment of internal organs differed greatly from subcutaneous microenvironment for tumor growth
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